How Dry Shampoo Works to Refresh Hair

How Dry Shampoo Works to Refresh Hair Dry shampoo cleans and refreshes your hair on days you cant use traditional shampoo and water (or choose not to). Heres a look at whether or not dry shampoo actually works and what it does. Key Takeaways: How Dry Shampoo Works Dry shampoo is a product that is applied to hair to reduce oiliness without the need for water.Most types of dry shampoo include a starch, usually from corn or rice, as a key ingredient. The starch absorbs oil and drops away from hair during brushing.Since some product inevitably remains in hair, a dry shampoo can cause hair to feel thicker.While dry shampoo helps improve the appearance of hair, some users dislike the texture it adds to hair.Dry shampoo is not a permanent substitute to washing hair with soap or shampoo. This is because dry shampoo does not remove shed skin cells or control bacteria. What Is Dry Shampoo? Dry shampoo is a powder or a fast-evaporating liquid that your spray or work into your hair that removes excess sebum and other oils and may freshen the scent of your hair. Commercial products contain much the same type of ingredients as homemade dry shampoo, although dry shampoo from a store is more likely to have a uniform texture than a product you make yourself. Both dry and spray-on dry shampoos work the same way. Why Use a Dry Shampoo? Aside from the obvious situation where water isnt available, you may wish to use a dry shampoo for any of the following reasons: Reduces stripping of color by traditional shampoosExtends the life of an expensive blow-outMakes hair easier to styleTakes less time than washing and drying hairMinimizes hair damage since natural protective oils arent strippedFreshens hair if youre coming from a smoky, sweaty, or otherwise smelly situation How Dry Shampoo Works Dry shampoo and wet-dry shampoo works by absorbing oil onto a substance that can be brushed or blown out of your hair. The two main types of dry shampoo are homemade and commercial. Oil-absorbing ingredients you can use to make homemade dry shampoo include corn starch, baby powder, rice starch, orris root, oatmeal, and clay. Feel free to add a couple of drops of lavender essential oil to one of the powders to add a fresh scent. If using baby powder, be sure to use a brand free of asbestos (a common contaminant). Clay, while excellent at controlling oil, may also be contaminated with metals or undesirable minerals (so dont just dig it up from your garden). Because brands dont exactly advertise impurities, its probably safer to stick with corn starch, rice starch, orris root, oatmeal, or some mixture of the these ingredients. Commercial brands typically contain some form of starch, fragrance, and a propellant to help apply product evenly over hair. Some products contain an anti-clumping agent to help disperse particles. A popular commercial spray-on dry shampoo contains isobutane, propane, denatured alcohol, aluminum starch octenyl succinate, butane, fragrance, isopropyl myristate, silica, and cyclopentasiloxane. Only hydrophobic soils, like natural oils and oil-based styling products, are absorbed by the dry shampoo. Dry shampoo will not remove actual dirt, skin flakes, and other chemicals that can make hair look and feel greasy, so most stylists recommend using dry shampoo between regular shampoos to reduce chemical damage to hair or for unexpected emergencies. Most people still need to use regular water-based shampoo to get fresh, clean hair. Dry Shampoo for Animals Dry shampoo isnt just for people! Dry shampoos may be used on furry pets. Commercial pet products are a bit different from ones intended for humans. They may contain conditioning agents, Melaleuca oil to repel fleas, or even pesticides. Pet products may be powder or foams. The shampoo must be worked into the animals coat and then wiped off. Dry shampoo should be used with caution on cats because they lick themselves and will ingest some product. Learn More If youre ready to give dry shampoo a try, make one of these easy homemade dry shampoo recipes. If youre not ready to take the plunge, but are concerned about ingredients in commercial products, make homemade shampoo and learn exactly how shampoo works.

Learn About the 3 Main Stages of Cellular Respiration

Learn About the 3 Main Stages of Cellular Respiration We all need energy to function, and we get that energy from the foods we eat. Extracting those nutrients necessary to keep us going and then converting them into useable energy is the job of our cells. This complex yet efficient metabolic process, called cellular respiration, converts the energy derived from sugars, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, a high-energy molecule that drives processes like muscle contraction and nerve impulses. Cellular respiration occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells,  with most reactions taking place in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes and in the mitochondria of eukaryotes.   There are three main stages of cellular respiration: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation. Sugar Rush Glycolysis literally means splitting sugars, and it is the 10-step process by which sugars are released for energy. Glycolysis  occurs when glucose and oxygen are supplied to the cells by the bloodstream, and it takes place in the cells cytoplasm. Glycolysis can also occur without oxygen, a process called anaerobic respiration, or fermentation. When glycolysis occurs without oxygen, cells make small amounts of ATP. Fermentation also produces lactic acid, which can build up in muscle tissue, causing soreness and a burning sensation. Carbs, Proteins, and Fats The Citric Acid Cycle,  also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle or the  Krebs Cycle,  begins after the two molecules of the three carbon sugar produced in glycolysis are converted to a slightly different compound (acetyl CoA). It is the process that allows us to use the energy found in carbohydrates,  proteins, and  fats. Although the citric acid cycle does not use oxygen directly, it works only when oxygen is present. This cycle takes place in the matrix of cell  mitochondria. Through a series of intermediate steps, several compounds capable of storing high energy electrons are produced along with two ATP molecules. These compounds, known as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), are reduced in the process. The reduced forms (NADH and FADH2) carry the high energy electrons to the next stage. Aboard the Electron Transport Train Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation is the third and final step in aerobic cellular respiration. The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes and electron carrier molecules found within the mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Through a series of reactions, the high energy electrons generated in the citric acid cycle are passed to oxygen. In the process, a chemical and electrical gradient is formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane as hydrogen ions are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix and into the inner membrane space. ATP is ultimately produced by oxidative phosphorylation- the process by which enzymes in the cell oxidize nutrients. The protein  ATP synthase uses the energy produced by the electron transport chain for  the phosphorylation (adding a phosphate group to a molecule) of ADP to ATP. Most ATP generation occurs during the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation stage of cellular respiration.

Technical complexity, task variability and analyzability, and task Case Study

Technical complexity, task variability and analyzability, and task interdependence of MRA Associates - Case Study Example Although not all its local offices have experts in each of the three issues it handles most of them have at least one. MRA Associates engages in a number of tasks as it seeks to achieve its business goals. In order to find solutions to environmental challenges, the company engages its experts to design and implement solutions. They analyze the problems and come up with procedures that are able to solve them. This implies that the tasks are highly analyzable. The fact that the company encounters and develops solutions for different types of environmental problems means that its tasks vary highly. The company handles environmental issues; industrial wastewater treatment, groundwater contamination, and biohazards cleanup. These issues involve a variety of activities all aimed at ensuring that the environment is kept clean. Industrial wastewater produced as by-products of many factories would end up contaminating groundwater if not treated. In addition, biohazards also contaminate groundwater if not properly handled. The company’s tasks are so interrelated that sometimes they cut across geographic locations. Employees from different profit centers or departments have to consult each other and share resources (Ciaran, 2012). This has prompted the company to seek he services of account managers to handle such cases. There are instances where the top management of the company comes in to iron out differences between regional managers and account

E-Businesss Impact on Organizational Flexibility Annotated Bibliography

E-Businesss Impact on Organizational Flexibility - Annotated Bibliography Example In this study, the previous literature has been explored by the authors and combining five case studies a model of seven critical factors depicting the impact of flexibility, in the e-business market and on the organizational effectiveness has been proposed. Moreover, this paper proposes the model framed to be utilized as a benchmark and thus can be considered as an essential learning mechanism. The model entails organization-wide change management, joint verdict intelligence and management/ alliance, process orientated agility, organizational learning, information management focused on network, transformational leadership, and knowledgeable meetings. This work offers an interesting insight into the in-progress academic interest in e-business and its influence on the flexibility of organization. The study describes a number of matters linking with human factors, culture, and people as being the most significant to deal. To accomplish efficient organizational change demands actual buy-in from the individuals that are either involved in the change process or are impacted by it i.e. it entails the end-users of the novel technology as well as the central organizational individuals who induce the essential changes. This article provides a comprehensive source on the key factors that can enhance flexibility in an online business and does not limits itself to the technological factor only but also includes the human factor that can help in achieving this goal. It has been evidenced by the authors that the successful implementation of technology depends on task designs, work environment, appropriate training and implementing proper organi zational change. Setting rules and regulations for technological use is recommended to be forbidden to enhance flexibility in the work process, as rules create rigidity in the process.  

“The Iliad” by Homer Essay Example for Free

â€Å"The Iliad† by Homer Essay â€Å"The Iliad† is known to be the most famous Greek poems written by a blind poet Homer. The Iliad is dated circa 8th century BC, although now some scholars such as Martin West and Richard Seaford prefer to date it in the 6th-7th century BC. The Iliad† tells about events taking place during the last year of Lion siege (about 10th century BC) or Trojan War. The Iliad belongs to a tradition of Greek oral poetry – epic poem. It is a long poem telling readers about historical events involving ancient gods, heroic deeds and ancient heroes. Since the Iliad is too lengthy, it is loosely organized. What is more interesting is that not every event or episode of the poem is absolutely connected with the main story line. It means that digressions are rather common in the poem. It is possible to notice the difference between epic genre and dramatic genre where all episodes tend to be closely connected with the plot and all digressions are uncommon. It is a distinguishing feature of The Iliad. Actually, the poem promotes the ideal sod war-like society. The main theme of the â€Å"The Iliad† is glorification of the war. There is an idea that the novel even celebrates war, because all the characters are judged by their competence, bravery and courage in the battles. It seems that the poem supports the war, because such judging extends even to the gods.   Iliad proclaims that to fight means to prove honor and bravery. Furthermore, the poem proclaims that war is predominant over the family life and has to be always on the first place for all men. For example, Achilles is the greatest warrior in the Greek army. Achilles wins eternal glory because he always rejected long, uneventful, calm and comfortable home life. Paris preferred not to fight and therefore he was scorned by his family and beloved woman. Paris is shown to be more subjected to women’s tenderness i.e. love and other feelings being inherent to humans. According to Homer, such qualities aren’t attributes of real hero. Summing up Homer’s hero is strong, courage, brave and always ready to fight and to die. Achilles is an ideal of Greek hero for Homer. References Fitzgerald, Robert (translt.). (1991). The Iliad of Homer. New York, USA: Penguin

How to Use a Company’s Annual Report to Ace Your Interview :: Process Essays

How to Use a Company’s Annual Report to Ace Your Interview If you don't take the time to get know a company, you many not have a future there.   Your interviewer will ask you why are you looking for this particular position and why are you looking at ABC, Inc.   Start by telling him or her that you have read ABC's current sales record "in their annual report."   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Company sales are important even if you are not interviewing for a sales job.   If you have reviewed several years of annual reports, you can easily see if the company's sales have gone up or down. Asking questions about the company's sales during an interview scores lots of points because it shows you have done your homework.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   You can get ABC, Inc.'s past annual reports directly from the company, the public library or the Internet.   The annual report may not tell you how well the company fares within the industry, but it will tell you everything you need to show your interviewer how well you can fit into the company.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Once you obtain a company's past annual reports, review the most recent report first. At the back of the report, you will find the name of the auditor, somebody like Smith and Smith Accounting.   Reputable companies use a certified public accountant to show that the accounting methods used in the report conform to "generally accepted accounting principles."   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Now turn to the front of the report and find the letter from the chairman of the board, whose personal style will be reflected throughout the report. The director will discuss the direction of the company, so pay attention to how he plans to run things in the future and whether he thinks the future looks positive for growth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The company's financial growth is very important to both the company and to your salary requirements.   You may not want to crunch the numbers yourself, but you will want to understand the balance sheet, the status of the company's finances at a given date.   On the left are the assets, all of the organization's valuables.   Current assets are those that the company can convert quickly to cash.   On the right are the company's liabilities-what they owe.   Current liabilities are the company's debts due in one year, paid out of current assets.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Net working capital, is a key figure to watch only if you have several years worth of reports to compare.

The role of Marketing as being an ‘Initiator’ in identifying, evaluating, recommending and implementing overall retailing strategy

We suggest that marketing, along with Finance, Operation, Human Resource management, Property and System are functions that all contribute to the overall retail strategy. We would develop a strategic marketing plan that will identify customer's based opportunities. The central thrust is to positioning of the company in term of its Merchandise, Services and trading environment offer such that it is clearly recognizable by the customer group to which it is directed/targeted. At the same time, the fundamental requirements of the company can be identified and established as a performance requirements which need to be meet and the critical success factor can then form a planning structure for the company strategy decision. CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS 1. Increase sales revenue in real terms. 2. Increase gross profit in real term 3. Containing operation costs throughout the business 4. Increase the productivity of physical & human assets 5. Adding value to the customer offer 6. KEY VARIABLES. Key Variables. 1. Merchandise selection reflects customer requirement for choice, quality, exclusivity etc. 2. Co-ordinate merchandise ranges. Merchandise availability in stores and distribution centers. 3. Merchandise reorder/replenishment 4. Pricing/price competitiveness. 5. Customer perception of total Retail offer. 6. Provision of sales data. 7. Merchandise spaces planning & control. 8. Improve sales forecasting. 9. Research customer expectation. 10. Monitor customer responses, attitude and perceptions of competitive offers. Marketing Activities 1. Increase awareness of the ‘offer' among existing customers and potential customers—create positioning strategy. 2. Increase number of customer visits 3. Influence percentage of visiting customers to buy, 4. Increase size of purchase (buy more) 5. Increase range of purchase 6. Influence those who buy to return regularly and more frequently

Issues Facing Prison Service

I consider the major challenges facing the prison service over the next 5 years, are preventing the introduction of drugs into prisons and managing prisoners with drug problems. Drug finds in prison doubled over the last 5 years, i. e. approximately 6 drugs finds per day in Scottish Prisons. 69% of the prison population report drug use compared to 8% in the community. Research has identified defined routes into prison. The main routes being visits, mail, prisoners on admission, over the wall, prison staff and concealed in clothing sent in.These routes are organised and concealed by individuals using illicit mobile phones, which are free from monitoring and provide real time direction. The prison service has the difficult task of allowing prisoners’ access to their families in decent humane surroundings, whilst at the same time preventing the introduction of drugs into the prison. Some prisoners` apply pressure on their friends and family to introduce drugs at visits; this may be done reluctantly and has serious consequences for the drug mule if he or she is caught.Basic tools such as observation, intelligence, CCTV out with the visit area and x-ray equipment can disrupt this practice, however, is not wholly effective. Items concealed in mail and include clothing sent in through the postal service, are well known to prison staff who routinely x-ray all items. This practice is risky for the small amount of drugs that can be concealed in these items. The searching constraints on prisoners on reception from court who have drugs concealed in body orifices is a difficult practice to tackle and can involve sizeable amounts of drugs being brought in through this route.Packages thrown over prison walls during exercise periods have become a profitable route of introduction. Prison staffs are advised not to intervene during this highly populated and sensitive period, but to monitor and deal with the recipients after the event; this allows the package to be secreted before intervention. Corrupt prison staff, for a variety of reasons i. e. debt, pressure or blackmail, introduce drugs, money mobile phones etc into the prisons. This relatively safe route is extremely problematic as the quantities involved are dependent on the reasons, nerve and desire of the corrupt staff member.For those participating in drug use in prison, there is a financial and health cost. Limited supply and high demand result in inflated prices. The debt incurred is paid for through a variety of means i. e. through canteen purchases, payments from families outside, selling or trading their own belongings or trading services i. e. inflicting violence on a nominated individual or acting as a drug runner, collecting debts or distributing drugs. The health costs are those associated with drug use i. e. lood-borne viruses from sharing equipment, anxiety, depression, paranoia, weight loss and malnutrition. Reducing drug introduction and managing drug users, are different sides o f the same coin and cannot work in isolation. These drug markets are associated with violence and intimidation, continued drug use in prison will increase the chances of dependent drug use when released. It is generally regarded that the take-up of treatment services in prison is correlated to the availability of drugs within the area.Increased security measures without adequate drug treatment programmes could be problematic. A robust clinical person centred detoxification scheme coupled with investment in a Counselling, Assessment, Referral, Advice and Throughcare service (CARAT) have shown to have a positive impact in drug use reduction. Drug free blocks, coupled with voluntary drug testing, have also shown to significantly reduce drug use amongst the population. Enhanced regimes which include employment and greater privileges have also proven successful.My recommendations to reduce the introduction of drugs into prisons and to manage prisoners with drug problems are as follows; * Nominate a Drug Strategy co-ordinator whose key role is to give equal weight to drug treatment and supply reduction measures within the establishment. * Have dedicated Drug Supply Reduction Teams. Motivated teams produce better results than less interested teams. * Improved liaison with local police, important for tackling all routes of external supply and should be included in the local prison drug strategy. Established prisons should move the prisoners to exercise areas away from prison walls. New builds should be designed to protect the exercise yard away from prison walls. * Security in and around the visit areas should be enhanced by the use of passive drug dogs, on site CCTV and trained motivated dedicated Drug Supply Reduction Teams. * Literature for visitors and prisoners on the impact, consequences and penalties of drug use and supply should be displayed and available for perusal. Passive drug dogs should be used in the searching of prisoner’s property, mail and acc ommodation area as a matter of course. * Cultivate a greater awareness amongst staff of the use and importance of intelligence reporting and feeding this into the National Intelligence Model. * Where possible block mobile phone signals, however the use of the Body Orifice Scanner System (BOSS) Chair should be used in all searches to detect plastic and metal. Identification and tracking of vulnerable staff should be addressed by the Drug Strategy Co-ordinator in collaboration with local police. * All prisons should have a person centred clinical detoxification scheme with recognition of the potential for misdirection and misuse of prescribed intervention. * Follow up and aftercare is as important as pharmaceutical detoxification, CARAT services with investment in staff is crucial to the effectiveness of work undertaken. Links and referral to Throughcare Addiction Services (TAS) will ensure continuity of treatment and care on release. Voluntary Testing Programmes provide support and i ncentives for drug users to remain drug free, resources should be allocated to continue the service. With skilful co-ordinated intervention, the reduction in drugs being introduced into prison will result in an increase in drug users seeking intervention. The challenge is to constantly review and adapt strategies to block new routes of introduction and to offer alternatives and support to those who wish to remain drug free.

buy custom Local Lawsuit essay

buy custom Local Lawsuit essay A lawsuit refers to a civil action put before the court of law. It begins when a complaint is filed with the court, and it states that a plaintiff is seeking damages relief from the stated defendant. In this case, parties at a loss demand a legal action against the defendant. (Abrams, 2000) Therefore, the defendant is required to respond to the plaintiffs complaint. It may involve dispute resolution of private law issues between individuals, business units or nonprofit organizations. Legal Environment of Business In Charlestone Sofa Super Store which resulted in the deaths of nine fire fighters. Two more lawsuits were filed over the incident bring the total lawsuits to 19. The fire occurred on June 18 2007, but the final day to file the suit was June 18, 2010. The persons responsible for filing the suits were two retired fire fighters and both suits were blamed on negligence and reckless conduct by the owner of the store and the goods supplier. They claimed that the fire code violations, illegal addition of highly flammable goods in the building contributed to the tragedy. The business community in the recent past was free to organize its legal relations in whichever way. That notation changed towards the end of the 19th century following the increase of industrialization, which had given birth to labor unions. The rise of these labor unions had led to the increase of economic power in the hands of untrustworthy people. These people led to increased injuries in the workplace and to the demand for more reliable consumer protection and product reliability. The regulations were set for the American government to challenge the power of business. This started during the presidency of Reagan and speeded up after congressional elections in 1994 up to date. A research carried out shows that 51 of the worlds largest economies is the corporation and the remaining 49 are nation states. In Charlestone case, the management had their role to play in order to prevent this tragedy from happening. As we have seen that negligence, the management had an obligation of giving proper skills to the people in charge on how to cope with emergencies. Recklessness as another cause of the tragedy was to be blamed entirely on the management because they allowed excess storage of highly flammable goods that caused the fire. It was their obligation to deny more entry of those gods inside the building. Under the civil law of the United States, the suit for negligence at faults would pay an equal share of the damages. In this Charlesstone case, the Sofa Super Stores would have to pay amount reduced by 50% if found 50 % at fault. Sources of Law in the United States of America The laws in the United States consist of many levels of codified and uncodified forms. The most important of them all is the United States Constitution, the foundation of federal governments of United States and the others are way below it (Feinman, 2006). This is so because no other law can contradict the Constitution. These laws are derived from four sources that are constitutional law, statutory law, administrative regulations and the common law. Both the Constitution and federal law are the supreme law of land hence preventing conflicting state and territorial laws. The administrative law would be applicable in Charlesstone Case. The management would be at the right if they followed this law applied in this case. This would help to avoid such tragedies from happening in the future. Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods This technique acts as a means for disagreeing parties to have an understanding. It is a form of court hearing and acts in a way that parties are able to solve their disputes without involving a third party (Otaro, 2008). It is also a method of dissolving disputes in the absence of the judicial process. Charlestone case would have been resolved following the listed resolution processes. Negotiation is among the processes involved in which case participation is voluntary, and the presence of a third party is not important. In meditation, a third party is required as a mediator to facilitate resolution. In collaborative law, each party requires an attorney who aids in facilitation of resolution within specific contract term. In arbitration, participation is voluntary, and a third party is involved who acts as a judge to impose resolution. Court operates by distinct. US Supreme Court hears limited set of cases. US Court Claims hears civil claim made against the US Government. The Court Procedures Used in Every Court is Almost the Same. For a civil case to be solved, the petitioner files an original proceeeding and names a defendant before the court (Feinman, 2006). Therefore, the court serves a copy of the petition of the defendant. The defendant is again given a certain amount of time to answer the allegation stated against him. The discovery process follows, and the announcement is made for both parties are ordered by the court to appear for a status hearing, and the final propositions are filled. If the jury was requested, the selection follows and then the trial (Georges, 1992). The petitioner opens with a statement and the defense follows. The petitioner together with the witnesses present their case followed by the defense. Towards the end of the session, the petitioner gives the closing statement. The defense team retorts and the instructions are given to the jury to decide the case and an order given. A period of 30 days period is allocated for appeal, and if there is no appeal, then the case is closed. In a criminal case, a credible witness issues an official declaration charging a crime. If a crime is affirmed, an arrest is made. The court inquires to ensure that the proper arrest was made, a crime is charged, and the date of hearing is set (Feinman, 2006). In such cases, surety is determined upon the sovereignty of the crime. In this case, the information collected during the investigations is released to the defense. After the plea bargaining, the state begins the announcement of its witnesses. The filing of motions is done the trial begins followed by the sentencing if found guilty. The appeal process in all courts is the same. The court does not allow any new trial unless justifying conditions exists. In this case, if an error occurs, a new trial is ordered. State Court is divided into various forms: Small Claims court deals with small claims. Municipal Courts are charged with hearing the violation of municipal law (Georges, 1992) and traffic tickets. The procedures in these courts are lenient. County Courts depend on what case the state can hear. District Courts hear the cases of criminal level and a certain amount of money matters. Magistrate Court hears a certain type of state cases. District court reviews cases for inaccuracy. State Supreme Court hears appeal from the district court. It is normally charged with determination of state law. Federal Courts in the US government is divided into District courts that hold jurisdiction over some cases. US District bankruptcy court hears fillings for bankruptcy. Buy custom Local Lawsuit essay

ACT in 10th Grade

Should You Start Prepping for the SAT/ACT in 10th Grade SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Being successful on the SAT and ACT is all about the preparation you put into it.While you probably knowit'sa myth to think you can't study for these tests, you might not realize that the reverse is true - studying is exceptionally important for doing well on the SAT or ACT. That's why it's a really smart idea to prepfor the SAT/ACT as a sophomore. Let's talk about why prep is so important for these tests, what you can do in 10th grade, and what your most helpful study schedule should look like over the school year and beyond. First, when will you be taking the SAT or ACT? When Should You Take the SAT/ACT? When you should prep has a lot to do with when you're planning to take the SAT or ACT. Typically, many students choose to take the SAT or ACT for the first time in the fall of junior year. That way they can take it again in the spring of junior year to improve their scores. If they still have room for improvement, they can take it again in the fall of senior year. Since your college deadlines are probably in the fall or winter of senior year, that last test would be your last chance to improve your scores. That can put a lot of pressure on those three test dates. If you want to leave yourself more available test dates to improve your scores, or even get the tests over with before senior year, you might choose to take the SAT or ACT even earlier, like in the fall or spring of sophomore year. Whether you take the SAT/ACT for the first time as a sophomore or junior, you definitely want to take advantage of sophomore year and the summer after to prep for the SAT/ACT. At least 40 hours of test prep is a good idea to start, but working your way up to 100 or more hours of test prep will really benefit you and help you reach your target scores. Rather than pushing this off and cramming in the weeks before your first date, you'll be best served byspreading out this test prep over the course of sophomore year. Let's take a closer look at why prep is so important for these tests. Prep and the SAT/ACT The SAT/ACT are probably not like any tests you take in high school. While they relate to the skills and knowledge you've developed in your classes, like reading comprehension, math, and writing, they are unique in the way they word questions, present information, and impose strict time limits. These two tests also have some key differencesfrom each other. Focused test prep with official sample questions will help you in a number of ways, as well as raise your score hundreds of points above what it would be if you took the tests without prior studying. You can use SAT and ACT Questions of the Day, download official SAT and ACT practice tests, and try sample SAT and ACT online practice questions. PrepScholar customizes its online test prep for students at all grade levels and helps you with weekly progress reports and the added option of a one-on-one tutor. Finally, many students also use SAT books and ACT books to review concepts and try practice questions. Studyingwill help you master the content, learn vital time management skills, and identify and drill your weaknesses. All of this takes months to accomplish successfully, so the time to prep is sophomore year, if not even earlier. Let's go through what it takes to do really well on these tests. Prep to master the content. Master the Content As mentioned above, the SAT and ACTare unique in their timing and the way they word questions. Luckily, there's a ton of information out there explaining the content and format of the tests. By familiarizing yourself with the tests, you can know specificallyhow many Critical Reading questions you'll answer in how many minutes or exactly what you need to know for the ACT Science section. If you prep for 2 to 3 hours a week throughout sophomore year, then you'll be able to review the concepts, apply them to practice problems, and fix any patterns of mistakes or confusion. Besides reviewing content, test prep will also help you answer questions quickly and efficiently over time. Take Control of Time Besides the often tricky, unique wording and material on the tests, they also are challenging because of their strict time limits. You probably aren't accustomed to having such short time for math, reading, or writing. That's why taking practice tests under timed conditions can help you get better and better at pacing and answering questions both quickly and thoroughly. You can learn and try out the best techniques for drafting an SAT essay in only 25 minutes, or learn the best approaches to read and answer questions on 4 ACT Reading passages in only 35 minutes. As you prep throughout sophomore year, take the time to sit for a practice test under simulated timed conditions. Sit in a quiet space with no distractions, and make sure to abide by your time limits. Try out different strategies and figure out what works for you. As you determine your best strategies, you can also be on the lookout for your strengths and weaknesses. Assess Your Strengths All of the skills tested on the SAT and ACT take time to pinpoint and develop. Plus goodstudying involves a certain amount of self-reflection. Ask yourself, What am I good at? Where are my weaknesses? Do I keep getting tripped up over dangling modifiers, or do properties of triangles confuse me every time? Once you've taken the time to identify your areas of improvement, you can make sure to fill in any knowledge gaps and drill them with practice problems. Because this kind of thorough prep takes time and effort to undertake, it's definitely a good ideato start sophomore year. You won't be caught up in the rest of the college process, and you probably won't have a caseload of as challenging classes as you take junior year.Plus if you're taking the SAT/ACT in the fall of junior year, you don't want to walk into totally unprepared. A really low first score could look bad to colleges if you have to send them all your score reports, plus it could raise red flags to the College Board/ACT. Putting off preparing for a test only leads to more stress and pressure later on. Instead of procrastinating, you can get started on test prep now in 10th grade when it's not so urgent and you can take a more relaxed approach. Not only will prepping for the SAT/ACT help you perform well on the tests and not get overwhelmed in th grade, it also will likely reinforce your understanding of and dedication to your 10th grade classes. Let's take a look at how the SAT/ACT are connected to your sophomore year classes. Excel inYour 10th Grade Classes While these tests are unique, they do test a lot of the material you're learning in 10th grade. If you're in algebra or geometry, for example, both of those subjects will be on the tests. You also are almost certainly reading and analyzing works from various genres in English classes, as well as mastering the 5 paragraph persuasive essay. Practicing these skills in the context of the SAT/ACT could kill two birds with one stone. You'll reinforce your understanding in your classes, while at the same time get yourself prepared for these important tests. You could also try to get a headstart on concepts you'll tackle junior year. For instance, the ACT covers some trigonometry. By reviewing these concepts and trying practice problems, you'll be ready to dive into a trigonometry class in th grade. Preparing for the SAT/ACT in 10th grade will allow you to feel ready and confident when you take the test, likely in the fall of junior year. While I've touched on the reasons prep is so important, I'll also suggest a plan of attack for accomplishing all this - mastering the content, managing your time, identifying your strengths and weaknesses, and reinforcing the lessons you learn in class. Sophomore Year Plan of Action So you know prep is important, and you have a sense of when you're going to take your first SAT or ACT. How can you design a sufficient study plan, and how can you make sure you stick to it? At the bare bones minimum, students should devote at least ten hours of prep before taking the SAT or ACT. However, this won't give you much more than a basic familiarity with the format and timing of the test. As mentioned above, 40 hours is a good baseline for reviewing concepts, but 100+ hours will get you deeper into content and your own strengths and weaknesses. There are about 40 weeks in the school year, so if you are able to devote 2 to 3 hours of test prep a week, then you'll easily meet this goal of 100 hours. Of course, this depends on how busy your schedule is. Other students prefer to start slow, with an hour here or there, and thenramp up their test prep at the end of sophomore year and over the summer. This can work if you have extra free time over the summer and are able to keep up the discipline to study during summer vacation. The best way to stick to your study plan is to make it a part of your routine. Setting aside a specific time for test prep on a certain day every week and writing it down in your assignment notebook or planner will help you make it a habit. Plus an added benefit is that your time will really add up. Instead of getting overwhelmed with a ton of test prep at the last minute, you'll slowly build up your skills and knowledge and be able to approach the tests with confidence. To Sum Up... Sophomore year is the time for test prep. Most students take their first SAT/ACT in the fall of junior year. Since these tests require a good deal of prep to do well on, you can spread out your prep over the course of 10th grade and the following summer. Take the time to review concepts, keep up in class, and make SAT/ACT prep a part of your routine. Instead of procrastinating and running out of time, do Future You a favor and put in the effort now to meet your goals later. Dedication and commitment to your goals will help you improve on the SAT/ACT, as well as grow in otheraspects of your academic and personal life. What's Next? The best SAT and ACT practice questions come straight from the source. Download official SAT practice tests here and ACT tests here. Are you also taking the PSAT? We've collected free PSAT practice test pdfs for you to download and use for test prep. Are you aiming to become a National Merit Semifinalist or Semifinalist? Read how you can qualify for these outstanding distinctions here and here. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Market Failure and Government Failure in Europe Essay

Market Failure and Government Failure in Europe - Essay Example For several decades, a debate has been raging in development economics on the relative virtues of the free market as opposed to state intervention. With the help of analytical models of a market economy, the interventionists have demonstrated what they have considered as serious instances of market failures. That is to mean, the inability of a market economy to reach certain desirable outcomes in resource use. The protagonists of the free market on the other hand, compile impressive lists of ill-covered and counterproductive policy measures implemented by the governments of different nations at different times. As a result, there has been serious wastage of resources in the economies of these countries. This debate has inevitably remained inconclusive. The analytical results on market failure do not disappear in the face of the evidence that most governments have performed rather badly. In cases where there appears to be scope for improvement over the market outcome, the search for corrective measures continues. Some protagonists of government failure tend to question the significance of such market failures. Some have voiced skepticism about the ability of governments to take any action in the economy which is not counterproductive. However, none of them has been able to explain why less developed European countries failed to grow during the first half of the 20th century.

History of the electric guitar and its music Research Paper

History of the electric guitar and its music - Research Paper Example This "History of the electric guitar and its music" research paper outlines electric guitar influenced the music industry. After the release of the Catcher in the Rye, which revolutionized the American youth and created a rebellious nature in them, teenagers who were particularly involved in achieving their dream of becoming a musician picked up the guitar. Guitar was always the first choice with the looks that it brought to a person and the sign of individuality that was illustrated by playing a guitar was its appeal and this fascinated the teenagers and men in their post teens. When rock and roll was at its peak and bands and singers like Elvis Presley, The Beatles and Rolling Stones were dominating the arena of rock and roll, guitar became increasingly important in their influence. Rock and roll also influenced a new genre that was heavily influenced by guitar music now popularly known as metal music. This type of guitar music was influenced by highly amplified distortion, emphatic beats, and a thick, massive sound and over all loudness. Metal Music was traditionally associated with masculinity and machoism. â€Å"Rock music can change things. I know that it changed our lives.†~ Bono (Abbey 2006) The first mass produced electric guitar was created by Les Paul. (Shaughnessy 1993) Although attempts to transform guitar into an electric guitar had been going on for two decades starting the 1930’s, the pioneering inventor of rock and roll who has been given credit for the invention of an electric guitar, was Les Paul. After the Second World War teenagers were becoming more and more rebellious, and they found satisfaction of that rebellious nature in rhythm and blues of which rock and roll was a mirror, which in turn was a map of cultural development and reaction. From the music industry in USA, with blues to today’s hip and hop and hardcore, every musical genre has taken some sort of an inspiration from rock and roll, inspiring musicians while keeping pace with evolving social and political climate. In one way or the other rock and roll has helped to fuel this evolution, breaking down lines of class and tearing apart racial boundaries. Here the point is not that it was created without conflict. As the saying goes, controversy creates cash. rock and roll is